Related Papers
Role of Environmental Contaminants in the Etiology of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review
Bentham Science Publishers
Alzheimer’s dis ease (AD) is a leading cause of mortality in the developed world with 70% risk attributable to genetics. The remaining 30% of AD risk is hypothesized to include environmental factors and human lifestyle patterns. Environmental factors possibly include inorganic and organic hazards, exposure to toxic metals (aluminium, copper), pesticides (organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides), industrial chemicals (flame retardants) and air pollutants (particulate matter). Long term exposures to these environmental contaminants together with bioaccumulation over an individual’s life-time are speculated to induce neuroinflammation and neuropathology paving the way for developing AD. Epidemiologic associations between environmental contaminant exposures and AD are still limited. However, many in vitro and animal studies have identified toxic effects of environmental contaminants at the cellular level, revealing alterations of pathways and metabolisms associated with AD that warrant further investigations. This review provides an overview of in vitro, animal and epidemiological studies on the etiology of AD, highlighting available data supportive of the long hypothesized link between toxic environmental exposures and development of AD pathology.
An Evaluation of MSDC-0160, A Prototype mTOT Modulating Insulin Sensitizer, in Patients with Mild Alzheimer's Disease
Bentham Science Publishers
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with insulin resistance and specific regional declines in cerebral metabolism. The effects of a novel mTOT modulating insulin sensitizer (MSDC-0160) were explored in non-diabetic patients with mild AD to determine whether treatment would impact glucose metabolism measured by FDG-PET in regions that decline in AD. MSDC-0160 (150 mg once daily; N=16) compared to placebo (N=13) for 12 weeks did not result in a significant difference in glucose metabolism in pre-defined regions when referenced to the pons or whole brain. However, glucose metabolism referenced to cerebellum was maintained in MSDC-0160 treated participants while it significantly declined for placebo patients in anterior and posterior cingulate, and parietal, lateral temporal, medial temporal cortices. Voxel-based analyses showed additional differences in FDG-PET related to MSDC-0160 treatment. These exploratory results suggest central effects of MSDC-0160 and provide a basis for further investigation of mTOT modulating insulin sensitizers in AD patients.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Organophosphorus Compounds and MAPK Signaling Pathways
2020 •
Ali M. Pourbagher-Shahri
The molecular signaling pathways that lead to cell survival/death after exposure to organophosphate compounds (OPCs) are not yet fully understood. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and the p38-MAPK play the leading roles in the transmission of extracellular signals into the cell nucleus, leading to cell differentiation, cell growth, and apoptosis. Moreover, exposure to OPCs induces ERK, JNK, and p38-MAPK activation, which leads to oxidative stress and apoptosis in various tissues. However, the activation of MAPK signaling pathways may differ depending on the type of OPCs and the type of cell exposed. Finally, different cell responses can be induced by different types of MAPK signaling pathways after exposure to OPCs.
Neuropatia retardada induzida por organofosforados: estudo in vitro dos mecanismos de neurotoxicidade do organofosforado triclorfom, e estratégias de neuroproteção
Lais Fernandes
Acta Biologica Colombiana
Neurotoxic Potential of Trichlorfon to Multiple Sublethal Doses in Wistar Rats
Development and validation of a neurotoxicological test battery for neurotoxicity risk assessment
2016 •
Daniel Stengel
The present study was conducted as part of the research project "Tox-Box: securing drops of life - an enhanced health-related approach for risk assessment of drinking water in Germany”, funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (02WRS1282G). The main fields of research within this project were endocrine disruption, genotoxicity, germ cell toxicity and neurotoxicity. The central task was to provide a compilation of methods to gain information about emerging pollutants to rank these in the health-related indicator value (HRIV) supported by the Federal Environmental Agency. The thesis, embedded in the field of neurotoxicity, aims at developing and validating a test battery for neurotoxicity, based on zebrafish embryo within scope of the 3R principle. The test systems comprised: (1) an extended embryo toxicity test (FET) to assess the general toxicity of substances and sediment extracts as well as to discriminate between neurotoxic and general physiological effects, ...
Acta Biologica Hungarica
Type of cell death and the role of acetylcholinesterase activity in neurotoxicity induced by paraoxon in cultured rat hippocampal neurons
2009 •
Farideh Bahrami
Insight into Potential Impact of Serum Levels of β-Carotenoid on Lung and Colorectal Cancer Mortality: An 18-Year Retrospective National Cohort Study
2017 •
Blessing Odion
Annals of Medicine
Role of neurotoxicants in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease: a mechanistic insight
forhad khan
Utilization of Scrap Tires Versus Firewood and Liquefied Petroleum Gas as Fuels for Singeing Meat in Ghana: Chemical Emissions via Smoke
2018 •
Hani Samawi
